This was a team of obsessive however significant men who wanted to prevent the British approach in any way prices as their aircrews were trained with computer system like bombsights, and also needed to plunder in clear skies from high mindset. One historian tells the author that Hansell was not the kind of man who was willing to kill hundreds of thousands of people. Chapter 3 is about the British and American bombing campaign against Germany in 1943. The Bomber Mafia, through a "failure of imagination" in not expanding the doctrine to include establishing air superiority as a prerequisite for success,[16] would not accept either of these conceptsthey believed the heavy bomber fleet could protect itself, and thus they contributed to the delay in the development of a long-range escort fighter until two years into the war. [15] At the time the book was released, a modern B-2 Stealth Bomber could approach a target without being detected on radar from 40,000 feet in altitude. [1][2][3] In 2016, Gladwell started Revisionist History, a history-focused podcast that "re-examines something from the past an event, a person, an idea, even a song and asks whether we got it right the first time". With thousands of Veterans Day military discounts to choose from, how do you find the best ones? [13], Other opposition was more subtle. [14], After the 1991 Gulf War, David L. Goldfein states that by then bombs could hit, with precision, a specific wing of a building. By clicking Sign Up, I acknowledge that I have read and agree to Hachette Book Groups Privacy Policy Bomber Mafia is story of efficiency, morality and technology. I thought he was pretty thorough but obviously if he's written a book he must have thought it worthy of a more even in depth look. Maybe so. Gen. Haywood Hansell and Maj. Gen. Curtis LeMay about the best way to bomb Japan in hopes of ending the war in late 1944 and early 1945. Napalm is a gel that when it explodes, blows large clumps of fiery hot substance that sticks to every substance and burns brightly for several minutes. Do you know if the book had more/different material than the podcast? Tap the link to open your audiobook purchase in your podcast app. [7], To effect this doctrine, the United States Army Air Corps would need to expend the majority of its resources in amassing a fleet of self-defending heavy bombers, and in the training and maintenance of a great many airmen to fill aircrew and ground crew positions. Chapter 8 resumes the narrative of the bombing campaign against Japan from the Marianas. Much of Japanese housing was wood, paper, with straw mats. The British strategy was known as area bombing, which amounted to creating as much damage as possible over a wide area. ", He released a couple chapters from this book as episodes of Revisionist History. Or the soldier in a minefield whose buddy is bleeding to death? Visit gladwellbooks.com for moreinformation. Gladwell is a wonderful storyteller. The problem here was there above Japan there was a 140 mph (125 knot) jet stream, which played havoc with the bomb sight and precision bombing. But I dont think the ghost of LeMay can be put to rest so easily. Por Vs. Para Mafia Game. The nascent, emerging and the ambitious force that . Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. After the undeniable horrors of the Great War, a group of Army Air Corps generals spent much of the 1930s brainstorming ways to use airpower to make war bombing more strategic while keeping casualties to a minimum. In spite of the horrifying damage inflicted by napalm bombs, many Japanese believed theyre what caused the government to surrender. They believed that bombing strategic targets made sense, and bombing population centers didn't. Kelsey formulated a new "interceptor" class of aircraft in order to sustain his idea that a well-armed fighter aircraft could successfully attack enemy bombers, and that, given drop tanks for long range, it could defend friendly bombers all the way to the target and back.[15]. Haywood Hansell won the war. The evidence for this, of course, is the ability of todays stealthy radar-evading bombers to drop ordnance from great heights and have them guided to precise points on a given target say, a hardened aircraft hangar or an enemy intelligence agencys power system. Supported apps include: Apple Podcasts, Spotify, Google Podcasts, Overcast, Pocketcasts, Podcast Addict, Castbox, BeyondPod, Downcast, PlayerFM, Breaker, and RadioPublic. Guide begins with a very genuine trouble. Whats more, the sight itself was less accurate in real-world conditions than during testing. LeMay has taken over from Hansell and used napalm, resulting in markedly more success but also much greater destruction and killing of civilians. Once you are in a way, are some forms of bombing more humane than others? you can submit them using the q&a button. These pilots dreamed of more humane ways to conduct wars. These four instructors, the core of US bomber advocacy, argued that an enemy's army and navy could be defeated intact due to the destruction of industrial and military targets deep within enemy-held territory. Why did Neville Chamberlain think he could trust Adolf Hitler? Please take a moment to review it. This page is not available in other languages. All rights reserved. He and several friends decided People have been flocking to the Egypt-Sudan border to escape the violence from two Sudanese rival forces despite a South Korean President Yoon Suk Yeol urged still-more strengthening of the U.S.-led security alliance guarding against nuclear-armed North Korea One fun way to see the world and visit unique locations is on a cruise ship. Tap the link to open your audiobook purchase in your podcast app. His interview with Fareed Zakaria was interesting, spanning everything from auto-pilot vehicles to U.S. university rankings to a critique of The Little Mermaid (which, thankfully, I have never seen). Randall Jarrell captured LeMays blithely brutal approach in two of the most memorable lines of 20th-century American poetry: In bombers named for girls, we burned / The cities we had learned about in school.. USAAC Fighter Projects officer Lieutenant Benjamin S. Kelsey appreciated that a large bomber fleet would be able to perform many military tasks, not just strategic bombing, and felt that the force's doctrine should remain flexible to meet any demand. in the program we will take some of your questions. Block buster films have actually made World War II seem even more actual and technically skilled in all things armed forces yet this book was needed for me to grasp the relevance of war in the 1940s. Actually, LeMays B-29s firebombed 67 different Japanese cities with far more lives lost than the atomic bombs. This exclusive Listener's Guide gives you an inside look at the production process, archival imagery and commentary from Malcolm and the producers and engineers involved with this extraordinary project. Much of the book concerns the technical and practical aspects of the Norden bombsight, in a 'grown-ups arguing' sort of way. Note from the author Malcolm Gladwell, author . The straightforward location of how Japan was merely outside the range of bombers. Because of a review from one of the Goodread friends, I decided to take on the audiobook, instead of the print/e-book version. Yet the issue the Bombing plane Mafia was attempting to fix has both physics as well as moral angles. Two new bomber groups were formed in the Pacific: LeMay headed one in India and Hansell led another in the Marianas. You get lower prices, too, because nobody had to build a fancy new app. [2] Precision in bombing was not achieved until long-range fighter escorts became available and air superiority was achieved, as opponents had warned. I just re-listened to Gladwell's podcast on Curtis LeMay and the Bomber Mafia. The mission failed for several reasons, including clouds that obscured the targets, which had to be seen to use the Norden bombsight. or ask your favorite author a question with In one day in March, 1945, more than 400 B-29s totally burned 16 square miles of Tokyo killing far more than 100,000 people. There is nothing 'inappropriate' in the book, it is simply not about battles and actions. In that sense, Gladwell wrote that Hansell "won the war."[21][22]. [2] In November 1932 when British Lord President of the Council Stanley Baldwin said "the bomber will always get through", he was talking about the terror bombing of cities. There are a lot of moral dilemmas to chew on here. WATCH SEGMENT. The Bomber Mafia were a close-knit group of American military men who believed that long-range heavy bomber aircraft in large numbers were able to win a war. Scientists at Harvard repurposed a failed Dupont Chemical product and refined it into napalm, the most brutal bombing tool devised before the atomic bomb and one particularly suited to cause maximum damage to the wood-and-paper houses of Japan. Bombing of Tokyo on March 10, 1945 with Operation Meetinghouse, "You Know Your History? That Japanese cities were bombed beyond those I found out about, in a fashion I rarely want to picture. [17] In The Wall Street Journal, Yale professor Paul Kennedy praised the audiobook version of The Bomber Mafia as "remarkable" and a "work of art"; similarly, in The Times, reviewer Gerard DeGroot said "The Bomber Mafia remind[ed] [him] of a really good podcast a fascinating story is appealingly delivered", and historian Diana Preston of The Washington Post called the audiobook "innovative" for its inclusion of archival clips, music, and sound effects. by . Malcolm Gladwells The Bomber Mafia: A Dream, a Temptation, and the Longest Night of the Second World War is a kind of love song to the United States Air Force, which is surprising, because it is the least romantic of our armed services, with leaders who focus on technology, not tradition. The theoretical discussions they had back at Maxwell Field didnt properly account for weather, enemy fire, and mass-produced bomb sights. If burning entire populated cities from the air was effective the war would have been over way sooner in Europe and the Pacific. Your seamless listening experience is powered by Supporting Cast. The B-29s were capable of making the 3,000+ mile round trip from Guam to Japan. He was and is wrong, killing the elderly, women, and children is not an object of war, its evil and destructive. there is a link to purchase . As listeners hear these stories unfurl, Gladwell examines one of the greatest moral challenges in modern American history. A Dream, a Temptation, and the Longest Night of the Second World War The Bomber Mafia Malcolm Gladwell's exploration of how technology and best intentions collide in the heat of war Learn More Buy the Hardcover and eBook eBook Hardcover Buy the Audiobook Pushkin Audiobook About Malcolm There are actual recordings of interviews conducted by Gladwell and also taken from documentaries filmed or recorded in the decades since the war. The US Bomber Mafia agreed with Baldwin only in that the bomber would prevail in its mission. After the war, the 20 years of foundational work by the bomber mafia resulted in the separation of the United States Air Force from the Army to become an independent military arm. He has been a staff writer at The New Yorker magazine for over 25 years and was named by Time magazine as one of its 100 Most Influential People. Privacy Policy | If youre an audiobook listener, thats the version to choose. Norden, LeMay, the Air force, DuPont, a complete range of personalities that created methods to make war much more effective, with the hope that this war would certainly be the last. Do Not Steal My Personal Information. In The Bomber Mafia, Malcolm Gladwell weaves together the stories of a Dutch genius and his homemade computer, a band of brothers in central Alabama, a British psychopath, and pyromaniacal chemists at Harvard to examine one of the greatest moral challenges in modern American history. Those fools can really do some damages if you capture one in the kisser. Malcolm Gladwell The Bomber Mafia Audiobook Online. Restricted in scope, short in play time, I located this believed prompting. This notion that killing someones family and friends will lead them to surrender is bunk, all it does is motivate people to hate you forever And the Japanese Government of the post war era was a puppet of our military, the notion that a proud people would hail a man who rained fiery death indiscriminately from the sky because they figured maybe less died this way is specious drivel in my opinion. The war ended some 76 years ago. Highly recommend it. LeMay was allowed to kill civilians by the tens of thousands because he had a theory about morale among the populace, which never came close to a conclusion. This is an account of a team of elderly minds in the USA airforce who ended up being focused on accuracy battle to decrease innocent noncombatant casualties and also quicken completion of problem by strategically bombing factories and also battle production vital for your enemys ability to continue to combat on. I enjoyed this short book thoroughly, and would have been happy if it had been twice as long. [2] Fleets of heavy bombers were not able to achieve victory without the cooperation of the Army and Navy, and required the protection of long-range fighters for deep penetration missions. [25] Professors Fedman and Karacas stated that errors "pile up to the point where it becomes clear that a book that has received so much attention ought to have received more fact-checking". Take those in the hazardous category such as the spikey pineapple or a horned melon. I'm interested in the Bomber Mafia for my 13 y.o. Chapter 6 notes the development of the new B-29 bomber and how that extended the range of bombing the Americans could conduct against Japan. For customer support, contact help@supportingcast.fm. We won the war when we did because our aircraft carriers were luckily out of Pearl Harbor when it was invaded, we were never going to lose but our task would have become daunting if we had to re-build our aircraft carrier fleet in my opinion Germany invaded Russia for its oil, oil was and is the commodity needed for modern militaries, Your email address will not be published. By stream There is nothing 'inappropriate' in the book, it is simply not about battles and actions. By dropping bombs with precision onto strategic targets, Hansell believed wars could be won faster and with far less . Wondering if someone out there has both listened to the podcast and read this book? Failure to see this issue through proved one of the Air Corps Tactical School's major shortcomings.[18]. The additional we obtain from these events the less we appear to appreciate it was a various time and lacking much of the technology we currently take for given. Gladwell steps back from the bombing of Tokyo, the deadliest night of the war, and asks, Was it worth it? The attack was the brainchild of General Curtis LeMay, whose brutal pragmatism and scorched-earth tactics in Japan cost thousands of civilian lives but may have spared more by averting a planned US invasion. Very interesting. Kurt Vonneguts seminal publication Slaughterhouse five took the allied battle (pointless) of Dresden with the POV of Prisioners of war. Almost 100 B-24 planes were lost with only minimal damage done to the ball bearing plant. Yes. As a compromise first step, the General Headquarters (GHQ) Air Force was established within the Army Air Corps in 1935, commanded by General Frank M. Andrews, a strategic bombing advocate. Since I had the ability to concentrate on guide as a historical message, I had much more success following along. [23], Several reviewers criticized the book for its accuracy, and for being light on details. https://ipaudio.club/wp-content/uploads/GOLN/Bomber%20Mafia%20(Malcolm%20Gladwell)/01.mp3, https://ipaudio.club/wp-content/uploads/GOLN/Bomber%20Mafia%20(Malcolm%20Gladwell)/02.mp3, https://ipaudio.club/wp-content/uploads/GOLN/Bomber%20Mafia%20(Malcolm%20Gladwell)/03.mp3, https://ipaudio.club/wp-content/uploads/GOLN/Bomber%20Mafia%20(Malcolm%20Gladwell)/04.mp3, https://ipaudio.club/wp-content/uploads/GOLN/Bomber%20Mafia%20(Malcolm%20Gladwell)/05.mp3, Terry Pratchett The Colour of Magic Audiobook, Catherine Ryan Howard The Liars Girl Audiobook, James Islington The Shadow Of What Was Lost Audiobook, Gary Taubes The Case for Keto Audiobook, Ken Follett A Place Called Freedom Audiobook. Malcom Gladwells book Talking to Strangers is a very good book that ties together The United States had already completely cut off Japans oil supplies and pipelines by the middle of 1944/beginning of 1945, and decimated their navy. Once Japan became secluded on their mainland why not just create a complete blockade of the whole nation? Kennedy stated there were "gaps in [Gladwell's] account", and cites the RAF Bomber Command's attempt at careful bombing as an example. Relevance; Rating; Price (Ascending) Most Recent; View: Filter. Do you prefer this format. The American militarys precise new way of information-based warfare so far has been tested only in relatively small and short bombing campaigns in Iraq, Afghanistan and the Balkans, the gunboat wars of our time. Gladwell has been included in the TIME 100 Most Influential People list and touted as one of Foreign Policys Top Global Thinkers. [14] Because of his lower rank, he was in no position to challenge the bomber mafia, and instead strove to work around their restrictions on pursuit aircraft. The words Bomber Mafia refer to a group of American pilots in the 1930s stationed at what was then called Maxwell Field in Montgomery, Alabama. ", "Warden and the Air Corps Tactical School", "Malcolm Gladwell's Fantasy of War From the Air", "Malcolm Gladwell's The Bomber Mafia is misleading history-lite", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bomber_Mafia&oldid=1093347884, 1960s disestablishments in the United States, Organizations disestablished in the 1960s, 20th-century history of the United States Air Force, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); June 29, 2021 9 comments. [12] The teaching of fighter ("pursuit") tactics declined, though Earle E. Partridge and Hoyt S. Vandenberg continued to discuss the role of the fighter. The brief Conclusion looks at the bigger picture this story tells about the use of technology. Required fields are marked *. The Bomber Mafia A Dream, a Temptation, and the Longest Night of the Second World War By: Malcolm Gladwell Narrated by: Malcolm Gladwell Length: 5 hrs and 14 mins 4.7 (8,338 ratings) Try for $0.00 Pick 1 title (2 titles for Prime members) from our collection of bestsellers and new releases. Please simply click here to enter your email address (no additional purchase required) and you will receive the Listeners Guide. However, the doctrine nonetheless became the foundation for the separation of the Air Force from the Army, and the basis for modern airpower theory. Group of soldiers arguing that long-range bombers could win wars, Braxton, Leon E.; Wagner, Arthur H. (2012), Brigadier General William "Billy" Mitchell, "Warden and the Air Corps Tactical School: What Goes Around Comes Around. Here is Gladwells stunning description of a United States Air Force B-17 bomber being cut up on a run over Germany: One 20-millimeter cannon shell penetrated the right side of the airplane and exploded beneath the pilot, cutting one of the gunners in the leg. War stories are a brand-new category for those utilized to Macolm Gladwells distinct brand of nonfiction. and Terms of Use, 2023 Hachette Book Group | Terms of Use | If yo. And also yet, this publication is something that maintains you invested as it exists as a little bit more than an item of history. World War II had begun in Europe in 1939, and the United States entered in 1941, after the Japanese attack at Pearl Harbor. The airmen believed that the tool would allow forces to focus on taking out specific targets that could cripple the enemys production lines rather than engaging in the kind of indiscriminate bombing that the Germans did on London and the Allied forces would against Dresden. THE BOMBER MAFIAA Dream, a Temptation, and the Longest Night of the Second World WarBy Malcolm Gladwell. Gladwell argues that LeMays savage firebombing campaign succeeded, and that, combined with the two atomic bombs that followed, shortened the war. After you enter your email address, youll get a unique link. I knew the Americans went down two atomic weapons to shorten the battle as well as bring Japan to its knees as well as accept surrender to conserve countless lives needed to get into those islands. The Bomber Mafia: A Dream, a Temptation and the Longest Night of the Second World War, by Malcolm Gladwell, Little, Brown and Co., New York, 2021, $27. dan is the author of six books about business and human behavior including "the new york times" bestseller he is a great friend and we cannot wait to host him and his upcoming book. On both sides. [] Hansell won the war". The audiobook is an experience in itself, complete with sound results, music, and old interviews from the men he profiles (and also several of their battles survivors). The Bomber Mafia is also available in print and ebook wherever books are sold. These pilots dreamed of more humane ways to conduct wars. I didn't know he had a podcast on this topic, but after listening to the book my immediate thought was "Why did I pay for this book? [22] Writing for the Los Angeles Review of Books, professors David Fedman and Cary Karacas state "[a]s a piece of writing, The Bomber Mafia is engaging. The setting is Second World War. Sort: Relevance. Something is very wrong, Gladwell argues, with the tools and strategies we use to make sense of people we dont know. Fans of Revisionist History will recognize some of the characters from the last season of the podcast, but The Bomber Mafia expands on these episodes and includes new original interviews, archival footage, and a fresh analysis of one of the most important events in military history. Do television sitcoms teach us something about the way we relate to one another that isnt true? The ACTS officers who believed in the heavy bomber doctrine realized that any other Air Corps expenditures such as for tactical bombers and fighter aircraft would take away from the proposed large fleet of heavy bombers. Key ideas from The Bomber Mafia. The imposter foods ought to additionally be moved up on the bomb listing. The kind of indiscriminate destruction that LeMay used to win the war is absolutely a thing of the past, at least for American forces. Didnt have it in his soul. After a few months in command of the B-29 raids on Japan, Hansell was dismissed and replaced by LeMay, who was told to come up with a new plan. Would this audiobook be appropriate for a teen with an interest in military history? [18] In The Daily Telegraph, military historian Saul David called the book "error prone" and "bedevilled by the same oversimplification of the world into a single Big Idea that is characteristic of his other work", and gave the book two out of five stars. Curtis Lemay as well as Haywood Hansell are opposite ends of a range in the high adrenaline battle Flying force. Gladwell stated the audiobook for The Bomber Mafia came about as an expansion of material from his podcast Revisionist History, and that the print book originated from the audiobook. [11] The book examines Hansell's replacement by Major General Curtis LeMay,[12] who implemented a series of tactical changes such as ordering bombing at a dramatically lower altitude to avoid the jet stream, removal of most of the bombers' defensive weaponry to increase bomb payload and wholesale nighttime fire bombing with incendiaries like napalm to devastate many of the population centers of Japan. Thank you for purchasing The Bomber Mafia, an audiobook by Malcolm Gladwell. Through Ashley Gutermuth's many military moves, she has learned to flip circumstances around to find the humor, and the President Joe Biden awarded the commander-in-chief trophy to the Air Force Academy for winning football games against its At the end of the day, "Minecraft Legends" has some compelling elements that unfortunately don't feel fleshed out. So, he asserts, Curtis LeMay won the battle. (For the Japanese the atom bomb was just a more effective way to bomb them, some watching they were used to.) Its a history of the dueling philosophies regarding bombing that existed in the US military during World War II. As for Vietnam, Johnson and Mcnamara screwed that up by NOT applying LeMay principals and the war should have been ended in 1965 , again saving many lives. This was all in one plane. Thank you for purchasing The Bomber Mafia, an audiobook by Malcolm Gladwell. Is this book appropriate for an 11-year old that reads a lot WW II history and fiction books? This was not a standalone event. During World War II, some of these pilots became major decision makers. This was a stunning yet enjoyable audio books, one I most likely wouldnt have actually gotten if it wasnt composed by Gladwell. Senora Panqueque's Classroom. The words "Bomber Mafia" refer to a group of American pilots in the 1930s stationed at what was then called Maxwell Field in Montgomery, Alabama. This is a case where the audiobook definitely defeats the print version. Thanks for exploring this SuperSummary Study Guide of The Bomber Mafia by Malcolm Gladwell. Those are exactly the same, but there's a lot more to the book. Fortunately for LeMay, there was another new technology on the horizon. Blow them up for existing to us !!! He was hardly a theorist, and especially not someone out to make war more humane. Can the less humane way actually save more lives in the long run. All Rights Reserved. First, the U.S. command didnt really seem to understand what LeMays campaign was doing to Japan. Malcolm Gladwell and "The Bomber Mafia". Suggestions, Fan Mail, Bones to Pick, and All Other Queries, For Speaking Engagements With Malcolm Gladwell. They believed that bombing strategic targets made sense, and bombing population centers didnt. Gladwell opined that the moralistic, casualty-avoiding ideas of Haywood Hansell stayed relevant for many years while the heavy death toll of area bombing fell out of favor. Their empire building was targeted towards oil production, in order to be a world power you must have oil. Bomber Mafia Questions 2,700,000+ results. It certainly is arguable that others, like Gen. George C. Marshall, were just as important, but Gladwell simply tosses out the claim about Stimson and hurries on. The biggest runs against a strategic target, specifically a ball bearing factory, largely was a failure. In Gladwells account, Hansells relatively more humane approach didnt work. As a subscriber, you have 10 gift articles to give each month. Along with the bombing this was a key factor in Japans decision to surrender. Much of the book concerns the technical and practical aspect. 1. Guide because backdrop is a story of optimism. However the tale deserves to be informed. The author of the book is Malcolm Gladwell, an English-born Canadian journalist, author, and public speaker. General Haywood Hansell was the leader of The Bomber Mafia, a small group within the military that believed an emerging technologyairborne warfarecould make wars shorter and far less deadly. A fourth shell hit the cockpit, taking out the planes hydraulic system. Kenney left ACTS in 1929, and heavy bomber doctrinarians filled the vacancy. Anyone can read what you share. You can listen in your preferred podcast app (See below for a complete list of supported apps). They believed that war could thus be waged more humanely because collateral damage, including civilian deaths, could be minimized and wars ended faster. We are excited to provide you an exclusiveListener'sGuidethat offers an inside look at the production process, archival imagery, and commentary from Malcolm and the producers and engineers involved with this extraordinaryproject. A third hit the bombardier in the head and shoulder. In his 2021 popular history book The Bomber Mafia, Malcolm Gladwell wrote that the idea of precision bombing stayed alive in the US military, with greater accuracy obtained in the 1990s through to the present with guided bombs, such that a modern laser-guided bomb or missile might be expected to destroy not just a single building but a single room in the building, minimizing collateral damage. . He just didnt have it. As a work of history, it borders on reckless". Perhaps bombing debate this is old hat to many of my readers. in History Nonfiction June 10, 2021, Malcolm Gladwell The Bomber Mafia: A Dream, a Temptation, and the Longest Night of the Second World War Audiobook. I caught Gladwell on CNN last Sunday. Malcolm Gladwell's extraordinary new book, "The Bomber Mafia," tells the story of a group of pilots who met on a muggy airbase in central Alabama and hatched a plan to revolutionize warfare. [21] In The New York Times Book Review, Thomas E. Ricks called the book "a conversational work" which he enjoyed, but noted that "when Gladwell leaps to provide superlative assessments, or draws broad lessons of history from isolated incidents, he makes me wary". The three factors that accounted for 91% of the rankings were (1) total endowment (2) price of tuition and (3) how many white people were on campus. This change of commandand what it meant in terms of military strategyis the crux of this book. We now live in a world where its not too much of an exaggeration to say that a bomber flying at 50,000 feet can tickle a targets nose hairs with the advanced systems we now have in place. how to view others calendar in outlook 365, suave hand sanitizer spray recall, bars on the strip knoxville, tn,
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